• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an intelligent PFC module having an actively clocked PFC circuit and a control unit which controls the active clocked PFC circuit in intermittent operation, a system with such an intelligent PFC module and at least one converter stage for operating an LED line, Lighting devices with such a PFC module and system and method for operating such a PFC module and system.
    公开号:AT16908U1
    申请号:TGM324/2015U
    申请日:2015-11-05
    公开日:2020-12-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    PFC MODULE FOR TURNING OPERATION
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to an intelligent PFC module having an actively clocked PFC circuit and a control unit which controls the actively clocked PFC circuit in intermittent operation (Eng. Discontinous conduction mode), a system with such an intelligent PFC module and at least one converter stage for operating an LED system, lighting devices with such a PFC module and system and method for operating such a PFC module and system.
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    Active clocked PFC circuits (power factor control circuits or power factor correction circuits) with at least one actively clocked switch and the control or regulation of such PFC circuits by a control unit are already known from the prior art.
    Such circuits are used in operating devices for lamps, such as an LED track having one or more LEDs, to convert a supplied direct voltage (DC voltage) or alternating voltage (AC voltage) to a certain voltage level. At the same time, actively clocked PFC circuits are used to represent a load with a power factor of almost 1 when an AC voltage, such as an AC mains voltage, is fed to the PFC circuit.
    In order to achieve this, the actively clocked PFC circuit, in particular the at least one switch of the actively clocked PFC circuit, is controlled or regulated by the control unit in such a way that the current drawn has a sinusoidal time curve just like the AC voltage . As a result, harmonic currents in the supply network can be reduced, which would arise if the current consumed by the PFC circuit were not sinusoidal. I.e. the control unit controls or clocks the at least one switch of the actively clocked PFC circuit in such a way that the current absorbed by the PFC circuit is adapted to a sinusoidal envelope so that the current has a sinusoidal time profile corresponding to the sinusoidal time profile of the AC voltage, with which the PFC circuit is supplied shows.
    There are various known modes in which the control unit can operate a PFC circuit, such as non-discontinuous current mode or non-discontinuous operation (Continuous Current Mode / CCM), discontinuous current mode or discontinuous operation (Discontinous Current Mode / DCM) and border operation (borderline mode).
    It is characteristic of the limit operation that the at least one switch of the actively clocked PFC circuit is switched on when the current through the coil of the actively clocked PFC circuit falls to zero amps (0 A). This has the disadvantage that the zero crossing of the current through the coil must be measured and fed to the control unit. In contrast, the at least one switch is controlled with a fixed frequency in the intermittent operation, i. switched on after a fixed period or time span, with each switching cycle having a dead time during which no current flows through the coil.
    The prior art with regard to actively clocked PFC circuits and a power factor correction with such
    Circuits can e.g. can be taken from the following documents: [0009] - US Patent 5,777,866,
    [0010] US patent application US 2009/0141524 A1, as well as international patent applications WO 2011/009717 A2 and WO 2007/121944 A2.
    PFC circuits form in operating devices for lighting means, e.g. LEDs, often only a first converter stage. Consequently, at least one further converter stage for operating the lighting means is often connected to a PFC circuit and is supplied with the output voltage Veus of the PFC circuit. This at least one converter stage then represents a constant current source which, in the case of an LED load, generates the corresponding LED current for operating the LED load. The at least one converter stage can be an actively clocked current source or a linear current source which is controlled by its own control unit.
    In order to ensure operation of the PFC circuit and the at least one converter stage that is adapted to changed input voltage or load conditions, the control units of these two circuits must be coordinated with one another.
    It is now the object of the present invention to provide an intelligent PFC module which has an actively clocked PFC circuit and an integrated circuit as a control unit, the actively clocked PFC circuit being operated or controlled by the integrated circuit in intermittent operation becomes. Furthermore, the object of the present invention is to provide a system comprising such an intelligent PFC module and at least one further converter stage connected to the PFC circuit of the PFC module for operating an LED line with one or more LEDs, the at least a converter stage is also controlled by the integrated circuit or integrated control circuit of the PFC module.
    [0014] According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. The dependent claims develop the central idea of the invention in a particularly advantageous manner.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    According to a first aspect of the present invention, a PFC module is provided,
    With
    - An actively clocked PFC circuit comprising at least one controlled switch, and
    - An integrated circuit, preferably a microcontroller, as a control unit that controls the at least one switch of the actively clocked PFC circuit with a fixed operating frequency in the intermittent operation, the integrated control circuit, the switch-on time (ton) of the at least one switch depending on the Adjusts the amplitude of the input voltage of the actively clocked PFC circuit and keeps the switch-on time (ton) constant for at least two successive switching cycles within a half-cycle of the input voltage.
    Furthermore, according to the invention, the integrated circuit can set the switch-on time (ton) of the at least one switch depending on the output voltage of the active clocked PFC circuit, so that the actual value of the output voltage of the PFC circuit corresponds to a setpoint value.
    Furthermore, according to the invention, the integrated control circuit can have at least one input pin, wherein the integrated control circuit can detect the input voltage and the output voltage of the PFC circuit via the at least one input pin.
    Furthermore, according to the invention, the integrated control circuit can have at least two input pins, wherein the integrated control circuit can detect the input voltage of the PFC circuit via the first of the at least two input pins and can detect the output voltage of the PFC circuit via the second of the at least two input pins.
    Furthermore, according to the invention, a load circuit comprising an LED path with one or more LEDs can be connected directly or indirectly to the actively clocked PFC circuit
    The integrated circuit can be adapted to control the actively clocked PFC circuit and / or the load circuit on the basis of at least one feedback variable from the load circuit.
    Furthermore, according to the invention, the integrated circuit can be adapted to change the operating frequency of the PFC circuit with a frequency below the frequency of a half cycle of the input voltage of the PFC circuit as an adaptation to changed input voltage and / or load conditions.
    Furthermore, according to the invention, the input voltage of the actively clocked PFC circuit can be a rectified AC voltage, preferably a mains voltage.
    The optional features mentioned above can be combined in any way according to the invention in order to produce the PFC module according to the invention.
    According to a second aspect of the present invention, a system is provided with a PFC module, preferably a PFC module according to the invention as described above, having an actively clocked PFC circuit with at least one first switch and an integrated circuit, preferably one Microcontroller. The system according to the invention further comprises at least one converter stage with at least one second switch for operating an LED path with one or more LEDs, the at least one converter stage being connected directly or indirectly to the PFC circuit. In the system according to the invention, the integrated circuit controls the at least one first switch of the actively clocked PFC circuit in intermittent operation, the integrated circuit controlling the actively clocked PFC circuit and the at least one converter stage depending on the input voltage and / or load conditions, and the integrated circuit controls the at least one second switch of the at least one converter stage for setting the light output emitted by the LED path.
    Furthermore, in the system according to the invention, the integrated control circuit can control groups of clocked electrical components and / or groups of non-clocked electrical components of the at least one converter stage.
    Furthermore, in the system according to the invention, the at least one converter stage can represent a clocked current source for operating the LED path or a non-clocked current source for operating the LED path.
    Furthermore, in the system according to the invention, the integrated control circuit can detect at least one first feedback variable from the at least one converter stage and / or at least one second feedback variable from the LED path that can be operated by the least one converter stage.
    Furthermore, in the system according to the invention, the integrated control circuit, the actively clocked PFC circuit, preferably the operating frequency of the actively clocked PFC circuit, and the at least one converter stage depending on the input voltage of the actively clocked PFC circuit, the at least one first feedback variable and / or control the at least one second feedback variable.
    Furthermore, in the system according to the invention, the output voltage of the actively clocked PFC circuit can correspond to the input voltage of the at least one converter stage, the integrated control circuit determining the output voltage of the actively clocked PFC circuit depending on the input voltage of the actively clocked PFC circuit, the at least can control a first feedback variable and / or the at least one second feedback variable.
    Furthermore, in the system according to the invention, the integrated control circuit, the operating frequency of the PFC circuit at a frequency below the frequency of a half-wave of the input voltage of the actively clocked PFC circuit depending on the input voltage of the actively clocked PFC circuit, the at least one first Change feedback variable and / or the at least one second feedback variable.
    The above-mentioned optional features can be combined in any way according to the invention in order to produce the system according to the invention.
    According to a third aspect of the present invention, a lighting device is provided with a PFC module according to the invention as described above and an LED line having at least one LED, the PFC module being set up to operate the LED line .
    According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a lighting device is provided with a system according to the invention as described above and an LED track having at least one LED, the system being set up to operate the LED track.
    According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a method for operating a PFC module is provided, wherein the PFC module comprises an actively clocked PFC circuit having at least one controlled switch, and an integrated circuit, preferably a microcontroller, as a control unit . According to the method according to the invention, the integrated circuit controls the at least one switch of the actively clocked PFC circuit with a fixed operating frequency in intermittent operation, the integrated control circuit determining the switch-on time (ton) of the at least one switch depending on the amplitude of the input voltage of the actively clocked PFC circuit sets and keeps the switch-on time (ton) constant for at least two successive switching cycles within a half cycle of the input voltage.
    According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided methods of operating a system, wherein the system
    - A PFC module, preferably an inventive PFC module as described above, having an actively clocked PFC circuit with at least one first switch and an integrated circuit, preferably a microcontroller, and
    - comprises at least one converter stage with at least one second switch for operating an LED path with one or more LEDs,
    Wherein the at least one converter stage is connected directly or indirectly to the PFC circuit. According to the method according to the invention, the integrated circuit controls the at least one first switch of the actively clocked PFC circuit in intermittent operation, the integrated circuit controlling the actively clocked PFC circuit and the at least one converter stage depending on the input voltage and / or load conditions, and where the integrated circuit controls the at least one second switch of the at least one converter stage for setting the light output emitted by the LED path.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    Further advantages, features and properties of the present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawing.
    Fig. 1 shows schematically a preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention, the system comprising the PFC module according to the invention with the actively clocked PFC circuit and the integrated control circuit and the at least one converter stage for operating an LED line.
    Fig. 2 shows schematically a first preferred embodiment of the PFC module according to the invention.
    3 shows schematically a second preferred embodiment of the PFC module according to the invention.
    4 shows schematically the clock signal generated by the integrated control circuit of the PFC module according to the invention (lower graph) for controlling or clocking the at least one switch of the PFC circuit of the PFC module according to the invention.
    Module in intermittent operation at a fixed frequency and a clock signal (upper graph) for controlling a switch of a PFC circuit in intermittent operation at a fixed frequency according to the prior art.
    Fig. 5 shows schematically the adaptation of the PFC circuit of the PFC module according to the invention, consumed current to a sinusoidal envelope when the PFC circuit in intermittent operation at a fixed frequency according to the invention (lower graph) or according to the State of the art (upper graph) is operated.
    6 shows schematically a preferred exemplary embodiment of the at least one converter stage of the system according to the invention.
    DETAILED FIGURE DESCRIPTION
    1 shows schematically a preferred exemplary embodiment of the system 101 according to the invention. The system 101 comprises a PFC module 102 and at least one converter stage 105 for operating an LED path 106. According to FIG. 1, the LED path 106 is not Part of the system 101. According to the invention, the LED path 106 can, however, also be part of the system 101.
    The system 101 can also correspond to an operating device for operating an LED path 106. Furthermore, the PFC module 102 together with the LED line 106 or the system 101 together with the LED line 106 can form a lighting device.
    The PFC module 102 comprises an actively clocked PFC circuit 104 and an integrated circuit 103 as a control circuit for the actively clocked PFC circuit 104.
    The integrated circuit 103 can be any integrated circuit or control circuit known to those skilled in the art, which can be used to control or operate an actively clocked PFC circuit. According to the invention, the integrated circuit 103 is preferably a microcontroller.
    The actively clocked PFC circuit 104 has at least one switch and can, for example, be a boost PFC circuit, i. a PFC circuit comprising a boost converter, or a buck PFC circuit, i.e. a PFC circuit comprising a buck converter. According to the invention, however, the PFC circuit 104 can be any actively clocked PFC circuit known to those skilled in the art.
    According to FIG. 1, the PFC circuit 104 is supplied with a rectified AC voltage, preferably rectified line voltage / line AC voltage, as the input voltage Vin. The alternating voltage can be filtered or smoothed. According to the invention, however, a direct voltage can also be fed to the PFC circuit. The input voltage Vin of the actively clocked PFC circuit thus corresponds to a rectified and preferably filtered alternating voltage, e.g. a mains voltage or a direct voltage.
    According to the invention, the rectification and filtering of the voltage supplied to the PFC circuit 104 can be carried out in any manner known to those skilled in the art in order to produce the input voltage Vin. For example, the rectification can be done by means of a bridge rectification circuit consisting of four diodes and the filtering can be done by means of an EMI filter or low-pass filter.
    According to FIG. 1, the elements for rectification and filtering are not part of the system 101. According to the invention, however, the elements for rectification and the elements for filtering can also be part of the system 101, the PFC module 102 and / or the PFC circuit Be 104. In addition to a possible filtering outside the system 101, further elements for filtering can be provided in the PFC module 102 and / or in the PFC circuit 104.
    The output voltage Veus of the PFC circuit 104 preferably corresponds to a DC voltage that is used depending on what is used for an actively clocked PFC circuit 104,
    has a higher or lower voltage level compared to the input voltage Vin. In particular, the output voltage Veus is set by clocking the at least one switch of the PFC circuit 104.
    According to the invention, the integrated circuit 103 controls or operates the actively clocked PFC circuit 104 in intermittent operation with a fixed frequency or operating frequency if the boundary conditions remain unchanged, such as input voltage, load, etc. I.e. the integrated circuit clocks or operates the at least one switch of the actively clocked PFC circuit 104 in intermittent operation at a fixed operating frequency.
    For this purpose, the integrated control circuit 103 supplies a signal or clock signal 108 to the PFC circuit 104 for clocking the at least one switch of the PFC circuit 104.
    This signal 108 is determined or calculated in the integrated circuit 103 on the basis of the input voltage Vin and preferably the output voltage Veus. The determination of the signal 108 for clocking the at least one switch of the PFC circuit 104 can take place in any manner known to a person skilled in the art.
    For this purpose, the integrated circuit 103 is supplied with a feedback variable or signal 107 representing the input voltage VIN of the PFC circuit 104 and a feedback variable or signal 110 representing the output voltage Veus of the PFC circuit 104.
    The measurement of the input voltage Vxn and the output voltage Veus or generation of the corresponding feedback variables 107 and 110 as well as the feeding of the feedback variables 107 and 110 to the integrated circuit 103 can take place according to the invention in any manner known to those skilled in the art. This measurement or generation can take place both outside the PFC circuit 104 and within the PFC circuit 104.
    Furthermore, according to the invention, the input voltage Vin and the output voltage Veus can be fed to the integrated circuit 103 by means of a single feedback variable. Optionally, at least one further feedback variable 109 can be fed to the integrated circuit 103. For example, the at least one further feedback variable 109 can reproduce the current through the at least one switch of the PFC circuit 104 in order to be able to detect an overcurrent.
    According to FIG. 1, the system 101 has a converter stage 105 to which the output voltage Veus is fed from the PFC circuit 104, the converter stage generating the current or LED current I_ = for operating the LED path 106. According to the invention, the system 101 can also have more than one converter stage and the converter stage 105 can be direct or indirect, i.e. The output voltage Veus from the PFC circuit 104 of the PFC module 102 is picked up via at least one further converter stage and the LED current I_ = o is fed directly or indirectly to the LED segment 106.
    According to the invention, the at least one converter stage 105 of the system 101 represents a current source. The converter stage 105 can be a clocked or a non-clocked current source. Furthermore, the converter stage 105 can have both clocked assemblies and non-clocked assemblies.
    For example, the at least one converter stage 105 can be a primary clocked converter, e.g. a step-down converter / buck converter or step-up converter / boost converter, or a secondary clocked converter or converter, e.g. a flyback converter, forward converter or resonance converter.
    The at least one converter stage 105 can also be a linear current source, such as e.g. a linear regulator implemented with switches, preferably transistors, or integrated circuits. According to the invention, the at least one converter stage 105 of the system 101 can be any circuit known to those skilled in the art that can generate an LED current for operating an LED path 106 from the output voltage Veus of the PFC circuit 104.
    Furthermore, according to the invention, the converter stage 105 has at least one switch or
    Control element, the position of which has an influence on the LED current song or the electrical energy for operating the LED segment 106.
    As shown in FIG. 1, the converter stage 105 is controlled or operated by the integrated control circuit 103 of the PFC module 103 according to the invention. I.e. The integrated circuit 103 controls the at least one switch of the converter stage 105 in order to set the LED current or the electrical energy with which the LED path 106 is to be operated. The integrated circuit 103 can preferably be used for setting and / or regulating clocked assemblies and non-clocked assemblies in the converter stage 105.
    The integrated circuit 103 thus supplies at least one signal 111 to the converter stage 105 in order to set or regulate the current IL: o or the electrical energy that is supplied to the LED path 106. For this purpose, according to the invention, at least one feedback variable or signal 112 from the converter stage 105 and / or at least one feedback variable or signal 113 from the LED path 106 is fed to the integrated circuit 103. These feedback variables 112 and 113 provide information regarding the converter stage 105 and the load, i. E. of the LED segment 106.
    For example, the at least one feedback variable 112 and the at least one feedback variable 113 can include the LED current, the LED voltage, the temperature of the LED path 106, the light power emitted by the LED path 106, the light output emitted by the converter stage 105 Consumed electrical energy / power, the electrical energy / power consumed by the LED path 106, etc. reflect.
    According to the invention, the at least one feedback variable 112 and the at least one feedback variable 113 can be any feedback variable that can be used by the integrated circuit 103 to convert the PFC circuit 104 and / or the at least one converter stage 105 adjust the electrical energy / power supplied to the LED path 106.
    The at least one feedback variable 112 and 113 can be measured or generated in any manner known to the person skilled in the art and fed to the integrated circuit 103.
    According to the invention, the integrated circuit 103 can also be supplied with signals, information or commands 114 from outside the system 101 (from the outside). For example, dimming commands or information for the operation of the LED segment 106 can be fed externally to the integrated circuit 103 or a setpoint value for the output voltage Veus of the PFC circuit 104 can be fed externally to the integrated circuit 103.
    The integrated control circuit 103 can also provide information about the PFC circuit 104, the at least one converter stage 105 and LED path 106 to the outside of the system 101. I.e. The integrated circuit 103 has a bidirectional communication interface via which information can be communicated both externally (outside the system 101) to the integrated circuit 103 and from the integrated circuit 103 to the outside. This communication can take place in any manner known to those skilled in the art, e.g. according to the DALI standard.
    According to the invention, a memory can be provided in the system 101, the PFC module 102, the integrated circuit 103, the PFC circuit 104, the at least one converter stage 105 and the LED path 106 to store the data from the PFC circuit 104, the at least one converter stage 105, the LED path 106 supplied information, such as the feedback variables 107, 109, 110, 112 and 113 to store. Furthermore, information supplied to the integrated circuit 103 from outside the system 101, such as, for example, dimming information for dimming the LED path or a target value for the output voltage Veus, can be stored in the memory. Other information relating to the control or regulation of the PFC circuit 104 and converter stage 105 can also be stored in the memory, such as, for example, dimming specifications or parameters determined or calculated in the integrated circuit. Such a parameter can be, for example, the switch-on time ton of the
    at least one switch of the PFC circuit 104 or of the at least one switch of the converter stage 105.
    The integrated circuit is then able to control or operate the PFC circuit 104 and / or the converter stage 105 both to store / write information in the memory and to load / read information from the memory.
    The LED path 106 has one or more LEDs which can be arranged in parallel and / or in series. According to the invention, any LED known to the person skilled in the art can be arranged in the LED path 106 in any manner known to the person skilled in the art. The emitted light power of the one or more LEDs of the LED path 106 depends in a known manner on the LED current or the electrical energy that is fed to the LED path 106. As a result, the integrated circuit 103 can adjust the light power emitted by the LED path 106 by controlling the PFC circuit 104 and / or the at least one converter stage 105.
    According to the invention, the integrated circuit 103, which controls the at least one switch of the actively clocked PFC circuit 104, can also receive feedback variables from the area of the LED path 106 and, depending on this, a further converter stage 105, which is clocked or not is, provide or regulate.
    If the integrated control circuit 103 also sets or regulates the at least one converter stage 105 in addition to the PFC circuit 104, the current state of the at least one converter stage 105 is known, which means that the load in the area of the PFC circuit 104 can be quickly adjusted. I.e. The integrated circuit 103 can use the feedback variables 112 and 113 from the converter stage 105 and the LED path 106 to control the PFC circuit 104.
    FIG. 2 schematically shows a first preferred exemplary embodiment of the PFC module according to the invention, the above statements with regard to FIG. 1 also being valid for the PFC module 202 of FIG. Consequently, mainly new aspects of the PFC module 202 according to the invention are discussed below. The last two digits of the reference characters for the elements of FIG. 2 correspond to the last two digits of the reference characters of the corresponding elements of FIG. 1.
    In FIG. 2, the actively clocked PFC circuit 204 corresponds to a boost PFC circuit. As already mentioned above, the PFC circuit 204 can, according to the invention, be any actively clocked PFC circuit known to a person skilled in the art.
    The coil LI is charged when the switch S1 is closed and is discharged again when the switch S1 is open. By charging and discharging the coil L1, the capacitance C2 is charged with electrical energy via the diode D1 in each switching cycle and an output voltage Veus corresponding to the timing of the switch S1 is set by the integrated circuit 203. The switch S1 is preferably a transistor such as a MOSFET.
    According to FIG. 2, the input voltage VIN of the PFC circuit 204 is measured via a voltage divider consisting of the resistors R1 and R2 and fed to the integrated control circuit 203 as a feedback variable or signal 207. The current Is: flowing through the switch S1 in the closed state is measured via the resistor or shunt resistor R3 and fed to the integrated circuit 203 as a feedback variable or signal 209. The output voltage Veus of the PFC circuit 204 is measured via a voltage divider consisting of the resistors R4 and R5 and fed to the integrated control circuit 203 as a feedback variable or signal 210.
    As already mentioned above, the feedback variables 207, 209 and 210 can also be measured or generated in any other manner to those skilled in the art. I.e. The PFC circuit 202 can have any device known to a person skilled in the art for measuring and generating the feedback variables 207, 209 and 210. Further feedback variables can also be used
    from the PFC circuit 204 to the integrated circuit 203 are supplied.
    According to the invention, the integrated circuit 203 operates the PFC circuit 204 in intermittent operation at a fixed operating frequency. For this purpose, the integrated circuit 203 supplies the PFC circuit 204 with a clock signal 208 for clocking the switch S1. By setting the switch-on time ton of switch S1, the charging time of coil L1, i.e. the time during which the coil L1 is charged can be set. The electrical energy passed on from the input to the output of the PFC circuit 204 can thus be adjusted by setting the switch-on time ton of the switch S1.
    The switch-on time ton and the switch-off time tor: of the switch S1 together correspond in a known manner to the period T of the clock signal or the inverse of the operating frequency f with which the switch S1 of the PFC circuit 204 is clocked or clocked by the integrated circuit 203. is operated (1 / f = T = ton + torr). Since, according to the invention, the switch S1 is operated in intermittent operation at a fixed operating frequency, the switch-off time tor of the switch changes when the switch-on time ton is changed. During the switch-on time ton of the switch S1 (switch S1 closed / in the conductive state), a current flows through the coil L1 and the switch S1, the coil L1 being charged. During the turn-off time tor- of switch S1 (switch S1 open / in the non-conductive state), a current flows from coil L1 through diode D1, coil L1 being discharged and capacitance C2 being charged.
    It is characteristic of intermittent operation that there is a dead time tror during the switch-off time torr, during which no current flow through the coil L1, i.e. no charge current or discharge current is present.
    The integrated circuit 203 controls or regulates the switch S1 on the basis of the feedback variable 207 reflecting the input voltage Vin of the PFC circuit 204 and the feedback variable 210 reflecting the output voltage Veus of the PFC circuit 204 in intermittent operation at a fixed frequency, that the current absorbed by the PFC circuit 204 is adapted to a sinusoidal envelope curve and a specific output voltage Veus, for example corresponding to a setpoint value, is set.
    By setting the switch-on time ton, the integrated control circuit 203 can adapt the current consumed to the sinusoidal envelope curve in each switching cycle in order to achieve a power factor of almost 1 and to set the output voltage Veus provided at the output of the PFC circuit 204. The electrical energy that is provided at the output of the PFC circuit 204 can thus also be set in this way.
    According to FIG. 2, the integrated circuit 203 has at least two input pins in order to supply the input voltage Vın and the output voltage Veus to the integrated control circuit as feedback variables.
    According to the invention, however, the integrated circuit 203 can also have only one input pin in order to supply a feedback variable which represents the input voltage Vin and the output voltage Veus to the integrated control circuit. This is shown in FIG. 3.
    The above statements with regard to FIGS. 1 and 2 are also valid for the PFC module according to FIG. The last two digits of the reference characters for the elements of FIG. 3 correspond to the last two digits of the reference characters of the corresponding elements in FIGS. 1 and 2.
    The PFC module 302 according to FIG. 3 differs from the PFC module 202 according to FIG. 2 in that the input voltage Vın, the current Is flowing through the circuit S1 in the closed state; and the output voltage Veus can be fed from the PFC circuit 304 to the integrated circuit 303 by means of a single feedback variable or signal 315.
    For this purpose, the voltage divider consisting of the resistors R4 and R5 is arranged in parallel with the switch S1 in front of the diode DI. The voltage divider consisting of the resistors R1 and R 2 for detecting the input voltage Vin according to FIG. 2 is no longer used
    needed. This is advantageous because it allows components to be saved.
    According to the invention, the input voltage Vin and the output voltage Veus can be detected in any manner known to a person skilled in the art such that a single feedback variable 315 representing these two voltages is fed from the PFC circuit 304 to the integrated circuit 303. I.e. which at one point in time during a switching cycle of the switch S1 the feedback variable 115 reproduces the input voltage Vın and at another point in time during the switching cycle of the switch S1 the feedback variable 115 reproduces the output voltage Veus.
    4 shows schematically the clock signal generated by the integrated control circuit of the PFC module according to the invention (lower graph) for controlling or clocking the at least one switch of the PFC circuit of the PFC module according to the invention in intermittent operation at a fixed frequency and a clock signal (upper graph) for controlling a switch of a PFC circuit in intermittent operation at a fixed frequency according to the prior art.
    According to the prior art, in each switching cycle of the at least one switch S1 of the PFC circuit, the switch-on time ton is calculated depending on the current state of the input voltage Vin in order to convert the current consumed by the PFC circuit to the current amplitude of the sinusoidal input voltage Vın adapt. I.e. the switch-on time ton is calculated on a "cycle-by-cycle" basis.
    According to the invention, the integrated control circuit also calculates or determines the switch-on time ton depending on the amplitude of the input voltage Vın, the integrated control circuit keeping the switch-on time ton constant for at least two successive switching cycles within a half cycle of the input voltage Vin. I.e. According to the invention, the integrated circuit sets the switch-on time ton only for every second switching cycle within a half-cycle of the input voltage Vın.
    According to the invention, the switch-on time ton can also be kept constant for more than 2 consecutive switching cycles, preferably a maximum of 15 switching cycles, more preferably a maximum of 10 switching cycles within a half cycle of the input voltage Vin, so that a sufficiently good power factor can still be guaranteed.
    Therefore, the on-time ton is regulated by the integrated circuit / control circuit for adaptation to the current amplitude of the half-wave of the input voltage Vin not in every switching cycle, but only in every nth switching cycle, where n is greater than or equal to 2 (n> 2 ) and is preferably not greater than 15 (n <15). This results in "slices" having at least two or more switching cycles or switch-on cycles, with the switch-on time ton of the PFC switch S1 not being changed during these slices. So packets of switching cycles or switch-on cycles with a constant switch-on time ton result, ie according to the invention, the integrated circuit, the switch-on time ton within a half-wave of the input voltage Vın is not "cycle-by-cycle", but in packets.
    This difference in the setting of the switch-on time ton within a half cycle of the input voltage Vın can be seen in FIG. The top graph shows the prior art: at each clock signal, i. the switch-on time ton is set or adapted to the current amplitude of the input voltage Vin for each switching cycle within a half cycle of the input voltage Vın. The greater the amplitude of the input voltage Vin, the greater the switch-on time ton is set. I.e. Within a half cycle of the input voltage, the switch-on time ton is initially increased with each switch-on cycle until the maximum amplitude of the half cycle of the input voltage is reached. The switch-on time ton is then reduced again with each switching cycle.
    The lower graph of Fig. 4 shows the inventive setting of the switch-on time ton by the integrated control circuit: In every second switching cycle or clock cycle (1st, 3rd, n. And n + 2 ,. switching cycle) within a half-wave of the Input voltage Vin, the switch-on time ton is set depending on the amplitude of the input voltage Vın. I.e. According to the invention, the switch-on time ton is set for at least two successive clock cycles (e.g. 1.
    and 2nd, 3rd and 4th, n. and n + 1. etc.) kept constant.
    As already mentioned above, according to the invention, the switch-on time ton can be set by the integrated circuit at every nth switching cycle or kept constant for n consecutive switching cycles / clock cycles, where n can be greater than or equal to 2 (n = 2) and preferably is not greater than 15 (n <15).
    Furthermore, according to the invention, the integrated circuit can set the switch-on time ton of the switch S1 of the PFC circuit also depending on the output voltage Veus of the PFC circuit, so that the actual value of the output voltage Veus corresponds to a setpoint value.
    The advantage of setting the switch-on time ton according to the invention is that a microcontroller, preferably an inexpensive, simple microcontroller, can be used as the integrated circuit for operating the PFC circuit.
    Fig. 5 shows schematically the adaptation of the current absorbed by the PFC circuit of the PFC module according to the invention to a sinusoidal envelope or to a half-wave of a sinusoidal envelope when the PFC circuit in intermittent operation at a fixed frequency according to the invention ( lower graph) or according to the state of the art (upper graph). The upper graph in FIG. 5 shows the adaptation of the current consumed by the PFC circuit to a sinusoidal envelope when the switch S1 of the PFC circuit is clocked with a clock signal according to the upper graph in FIG. 4. Accordingly, the lower graph shows the adaptation of the current absorbed by the PFC circuit to a sinusoidal envelope curve, when the switch S1 of the PFC circuit is clocked with a clock signal according to the lower graph in FIG. 4.
    In the two graphs of Fig. 5, the relationship between the sinusoidal envelope and the current through the coil L1 or the coil current of the PFC circuit is shown, the rising edges of the triangular signal or the triangular waveforms the charging current through the coil L1 and the falling edges correspond to the discharge current through the coil L1. Both figures show only schematically the adaptation of the current consumed by the PFC circuit or the coil current to the sinusoidal envelope, since the at least one switch S1 of the PFC circuit is operated with a much higher operating frequency than the frequency of the input voltage Vin of the PFC circuit. Circuit or the sinusoidal envelope curve, so that in reality a far greater number of triangular waveforms is present within a half-wave of the sinusoidal envelope curve than is shown in FIG. 5.
    Furthermore, one can see in the two graphs of FIG. 5 that a time or dead time is present in each switching cycle during which no current flows through the coil of the PFC circuit. This is characteristic for operation of the PFC circuit in intermittent operation.
    In the upper graph it can be seen that due to the adaptation of the switch-on time ton of the switch S1 of the PFC circuit to the amplitude of the input voltage Vin in each switching cycle or clock cycle, the maximum value of the current in each switching cycle to the half-wave of the sinusoidal envelope is adapted.
    In the lower graph it can be seen that due to the inventive adaptation of the switch-on time ton of the switch S1 of the PFC circuit to the amplitude of the input voltage Vın in every second switching cycle, the maximum value of the current in only every second switching cycle to the half-wave of the sinusoidal Envelope is adjusted. I.e. There are switching cycles in which the maximum value of the current is smaller than the envelope curve and there are switching cycles in which the maximum value of the current is greater than the envelope curve.
    According to the invention, as already mentioned above, the switch-on time ton can be set at every nth switching cycle or kept constant for n successive clock cycles, where n can be greater than or equal to 2 (n = 2) and preferably not greater than 15 (n <15).
    This means that in the lower graph according to the invention n consecutive
    Switching cycles or n consecutive triangular waveforms can have the same maximum current.
    Although the current for n-1 switching cycles does not exactly correspond to the sinusoidal envelope curve for a constant switch-on time ton during n consecutive switching cycles, a sufficiently good power factor can be achieved.
    Fig. 6 shows schematically a preferred embodiment of the at least one converter stage of the system according to the invention, the above statements with respect to Figs. 1 to 5 are also valid for the system and the converter stage 605 of FIG. Consequently, mainly new aspects relating to the system according to the invention and the converter stage 605 are discussed below. The last two digits of the reference symbols for the elements of FIG. 6 correspond to the last two digits of the reference symbols of the corresponding elements in FIGS. 1-3.
    In Fig. 6, the converter stage 605 corresponds to a flyback converter or flyback converter. As already mentioned above, the converter stage 605 can, according to the invention, be any clocked or non-clocked converter stage known to the person skilled in the art, which is able to provide an LED current or electrical energy for operating the LED path 606, such as primary or secondary clocked converter / converter or linear current sources.
    According to the invention, the integrated circuit / control circuit 603, which operates the PFC circuit 604, also controls the converter stage 605. According to FIG. 6, the integrated circuit 603 leads the switch S2 of the converter stage 605 a signal or clock signal 611 to. The switch S2 is preferably a transistor such as a MOSFET.
    By setting the on-time ton of the switch S2, i. the length of time for which the switch S2 is switched on, the integrated circuit 603 can set the power consumption of the converter stage 605 and thus the LED current I_: o or the electrical energy that is made available to the LED path 606. Alternatively, the integrated circuit 603 can, however, instead of the switch-on time ton of the switch S2, its duty cycle, i.e. set the ratio between the period T of the clock signal 611 and the switch-on time ton, or its operating frequency.
    According to the invention, the signal or clock signal 611 can be determined or calculated by the integrated circuit 603 on the basis of at least one feedback variable 612 from the converter stage 605 and / or at least one feedback variable 613 from the LED path 606.
    According to FIG. 6, the LED current is measured via a measuring transformer with the primary coil L4 and the secondary coil L5 and the resistor R6 and fed as a feedback variable or signal 612 from the converter stage 605 to the integrated circuit 603. Furthermore, the LED current is measured via the resistor R7, preferably a shunt resistor, and fed as a feedback variable or signal 613 from the LED path 606 to the integrated circuit 603. Optionally, an optocoupler or any other galvanically separating element 616 known to the person skilled in the art can be used for feeding back the feedback variable 613 from the LED path 606 to the integrated circuit 603.
    As already mentioned above, according to the invention various physical quantities or parameters in the converter stage 605 and the LED path 606 can be detected and in any manner known to those skilled in the art as feedback quantities for determining or calculating the clock signal 611 of the integrated Circuit 603 are supplied. For this purpose, the converter stage 605 and the LED path 606 can have any element known to a person skilled in the art for detecting physical quantities or parameters. For example, the LED path can have a device or a sensor for detecting the light output emitted by the one or more LEDs of the LED path 606, the sensor detecting the light output and feeding a feedback variable or signal 613 representing the light output to the integrated circuit 603 becomes.
    Furthermore, according to the invention, the feedback variables 612 and 613 can be used by the integrated circuit 603 for controlling or operating the PFC circuit 604. This allows the operation of the PFC circuit to be adapted to changed load conditions, such as dimming the LED system. Consequently, the electrical power / energy consumed by the PFC circuit and the output voltage Veus or electrical energy provided by the PFC circuit at the output can be adapted to changed load conditions. Changed load conditions can be all conditions known to a person skilled in the art, such as dimming of the one or more LEDs of the LED line 606, emergency lighting operation of the LED line 606, a changed consumption of electrical energy or power by the LED line 606, etc. .
    As already mentioned above, the integrated circuit 603 operates the PFC circuit 604 in intermittent operation at a fixed operating frequency with unchanged input voltage and load conditions.
    According to the invention, the integrated circuit 603 can now change the operating frequency of the PFC circuit 604, preferably at a frequency below the frequency of a half cycle of the input voltage Vin of the PFC circuit 604 as an adaptation to changed input voltage and / or load conditions.
    Furthermore, according to the invention, the integrated circuit 603, the actively clocked PFC circuit 604, preferably the operating frequency of the PFC circuit 604, and the converter stage 605 depending on the input voltage Vınder PFC circuit 604, the at least one feedback variable 612 from the converter stage 605 and / or control the at least one feedback variable 613 from LED path 606.
    Furthermore, according to the invention, the integrated circuit 603 can control the output voltage Veus of the PFC circuit 604 depending on the input voltage Vın of the PFC circuit 604, the at least one feedback variable 612 from the converter stage 605 and / or the at least one feedback variable 613 from the Control or set LED path 606.
    According to the invention, the integrated control circuit 603 of the PFC module 602 can control the at least one switch S1 of the PFC circuit 604 in intermittent operation at a fixed operating frequency and the at least one switch S2 of the converter stage 605 on the basis of feedback variables 607, 609, 610, 612 and 613 from the PFC circuit 604, the converter stage 605 and the LED path 606 as well as information 614 from external control or regulate.
    The fixed operating frequency of the PFC circuit can be adjusted by the integrated circuit 603, preferably at a frequency below the frequency of a half-wave of the input voltage Vın of the PFC circuit 604, as an adaptation to changed input voltage and / or load conditions, i.e. depending on the input voltage Vin of the PFC circuit 604, the at least one feedback variable 612 from the converter stage 605 and / or the at least one feedback variable 613 from the LED path 613.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. PFC module (102) provided with
    an actively clocked PFC circuit (104) having at least one controlled switch (S1), and
    - An integrated circuit (103), preferably a microcontroller, as a control unit, which controls the at least one switch (S1) of the actively clocked PFC circuit (104) with a fixed operating frequency in intermittent operation, the integrated control circuit (103) the switch-on time ( ton) of the at least one switch (S1) depending on the amplitude of the input voltage (Vin) of the actively clocked PFC circuit (104) and keeps the switch-on time (ton) constant for at least two successive switching cycles within a half-wave of the input voltage (Vın) .
    [2]
    2. PFC module according to claim 1, wherein the integrated circuit sets the switch-on time (ton) of the at least one switch depending on the output voltage of the active clocked PFC circuit, so that the actual value of the output voltage of the PFC circuit corresponds to a target value.
    [3]
    3. PFC module according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein the integrated control circuit has at least one input pin, and - wherein the integrated control circuit detects the input voltage and the output voltage of the PFC circuit via the at least one input pin.
    [4]
    4. PFC module according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein the integrated control circuit has at least two input pins, and - wherein the integrated control circuit detects the input voltage of the PFC circuit via the first of the at least two input pins and the second of the at least two input pins Output voltage of the PFC circuit recorded.
    [5]
    5. PFC module according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein a load circuit having an LED path with one or more LEDs can be connected directly or indirectly to the actively clocked PFC circuit, and - wherein the integrated circuit is adapted to the actively clocked PFC circuit
    and / or to control the load circuit based on at least one feedback variable from the load circuit.
    [6]
    6. PFC module according to one of the preceding claims,
    - The integrated circuit being adapted to change the operating frequency of the PFC circuit with a frequency below the frequency of a half-cycle of the input voltage of the PFC circuit as an adaptation to changed input voltage and / or load conditions.
    [7]
    7. PFC module according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein the input voltage of the actively clocked PFC circuit is a rectified AC voltage, preferably a mains voltage.
    [8]
    8. System (101) with
    - A PFC module (102), preferably a PFC module (102) according to one of the preceding claims, having an actively clocked PFC circuit (104) with at least one first switch (S1) and an integrated circuit (103), preferably a microcontroller, and
    - At least one converter stage (105) with at least one second switch (S2) for operating an LED path (106) with one or more LEDs,
    - The at least one converter stage (105) being connected directly or indirectly to the PFC circuit (104),
    - wherein the integrated circuit (103) controls the at least one first switch (S1) of the actively clocked PFC circuit in intermittent operation,
    - wherein the integrated circuit controls the actively clocked PFC circuit (104) and the at least one converter stage (105) depending on the input voltage and / or load conditions, and
    - wherein the integrated circuit (103) controls the at least one second switch (S2) of the at least one converter stage (105) for setting the light output emitted by the LED path (106).
    [9]
    9. Lighting device, with - a PFC module (102) according to one of claims 1 to 7, - an LED line (106) having at least one LED, - wherein the PFC module (102) is set up to the LED - Operate line (106)
    [10]
    10. A method for operating a PFC module (102) with an actively clocked PFC circuit (104) having at least one controlled switch (S1) and an integrated circuit (103), preferably a microcontroller, as the control unit,
    - wherein the integrated circuit (103) controls the at least one switch (S1) of the actively clocked PFC circuit (104) with a fixed operating frequency in intermittent operation, - whereby the integrated control circuit (103) controls the switch-on time (ton) of the at least one switch ( S1) adjusts depending on the amplitude of the input voltage (Vin) of the actively clocked PFC circuit (104) and keeps the switch-on time (ton) constant for at least two successive switching cycles within a half cycle of the input voltage (Vın).
    In addition 6 sheets of drawings
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102015217629.0A|DE102015217629A1|2015-09-15|2015-09-15|PFC module for intermittent operation|
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